Pauline Hopkins

Novelist Pauline Hopkins (1856-1930) edited The Colored American from 1900 to 1904; her goal was to publish a journal devoted to “the development of Afro-American art and literature.”

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Elma Lewis

Founded the National Center for Afro-American Artists (NCAAA) in 1968 eighteen years after opening the Elma Lewis School of Fine Arts (ELSFA) in Boston

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Ella Little-Collins

She joined the Nation of Islam in the mid-1950s where she helped to establish a mosque with a daycare center attached to it. In the early 1940s, she became the guardian of her half-brother Malcolm Little, who later changed his name to Malcolm X

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Toni Bullock

Pioneering funeral home owner, a WWII radio operator, and the youngest Black woman to earn an embalming license in Massachusetts.

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