Dr Frances Oldham Kelsey

In 1960, during her first month at the Food and Drug Administration, Dr. Frances Oldham Kelsey took a bold stance against inadequate testing and corporate pressure when she refused to approve release of thalidomide in the United States. The drug had been used as a sleeping pill and was later proven to have caused thousands of birth deformities in Germany and Great Britain.

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Dr Anna Wessels Williams

The first woman elected chair of the laboratory section of the American Public Health Association; isolated a strain of the diptheria bacillus that was used to develop an antitoxin for diphtheria.

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Florence B Seibert

American biochemist who developed a groundbreaking procedure that led to a reliable tuberculosis test (TB test), used to detect the potentially deadly virus in infants, children and adults worldwide. She also contributed to the development of safety measures for intravenous drug therapy.

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Elizabeth Lee Hazen

Nystatin, one of the first effective antifungal medicines, was discovered in 1950 by two women scientists: Elizabeth Lee Hazen (1885–1975) and Rachel Fuller Brown (1898–1980)

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Dr Mildred Cohn

Mildred Cohn (1913–2009) was interested in how chemical reactions take place, that is, how the molecules of each reactant come apart and how their atoms reassemble themselves into new molecules, and the role that enzymes play in this process.

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Dr Nancy T Chang

After attending Harvard Medical School, Nancy Chang’s career trajectory led her to cofound Tanox (now part of Genentech), a company that sought remedies for asthma and allergies through genetic engineering.

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