Helen Murray Free

A husband-and-wife team of biochemists revolutionized diagnostic urine testing with their invention of an easy-to-use, chemically coated paper dipstick that measures a patient’s blood sugar by changing color when dipped in a urine sample.

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Dr Katharine Burr Blodgett

American physicist and chemist best known for her groundbreaking work in surface chemistry, particularly for inventing non-reflective or “invisible” glass. Blodgett was the first woman to earn a Ph.D. in physics from the University of Cambridge in 1926.

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Käthe Paulus

Pioneering figure in the field of aviation, renowned for her significant contributions as an inventor, particularly for developing the first collapsible parachute in 1910.

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